1 Samuel 4:7

Authorized King James Version

And the Philistines were afraid, for they said, God is come into the camp. And they said, Woe unto us! for there hath not been such a thing heretofore.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיִּֽרְאוּ֙
were afraid
to fear; morally to revere; causatively to frighten
#2
הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים
And the Philistines
a pelishtite or inhabitant of pelesheth
#3
כִּ֣י
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#4
וַיֹּֽאמְרוּ֙
And they said
to say (used with great latitude)
#5
בָּ֥א
is come
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
#6
אֱלֹהִ֖ים
God
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
#7
אֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#8
הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֑ה
into the camp
an encampment (of travellers or troops); hence, an army, whether literal (of soldiers) or figurative (of dancers, angels, cattle, locusts, stars; or e
#9
וַיֹּֽאמְרוּ֙
And they said
to say (used with great latitude)
#10
א֣וֹי
Woe
lamentation; also interjectionally oh!
#11
לָ֔נוּ
H0
#12
כִּ֣י
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#13
לֹ֥א
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#14
הָֽיְתָ֛ה
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
#15
כָּזֹ֖את
this (often used adverb)
#16
אֶתְמ֥וֹל
unto us! for there hath not been such a thing heretofore
heretofore; definitely yesterday
#17
שִׁלְשֹֽׁם׃
trebly, i.e., (in time) day before yesterday

Analysis

Within the broader context of 1 Samuel, this passage highlights salvation through declarative statements that establish theological truth. The theological weight of divine sovereignty connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine sovereignty, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of 1 Samuel.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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